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Fish and Shellfish Products Exposure Assessment

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ID Author(s) Title / Description Publication Date
7189 Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) EPA's Roadmap for Mercury
URL: http://www.epa.gov/mercury/roadmap.htm
Format: HTML PDF
Report describing the Environmental Protection Agency's "progress to date in addressing mercury issues domestically and internationally, and outlines EPA's major ongoing and planned actions to address risks associated with mercury." Includes chapters on "Addressing Mercury Releases," "Addressing Mercury Uses in Products and Processes," and "Communicating to the Public about Mercury Exposure Risks." Covers risks related to mercury exposure in fish and in the water supply.
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Source: Environmental Protection Agency

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20060705Jul 5, 2006
7851 Wong, D.M.A. L.F. Van Boven, M.; Busani, L.; Clough, H.; Kasbohrer, A.; Kosmider, R.; Little, C.; Pires, S.M. Pund, R.; Snary, E.L. Stellbrink, E. Model pathways and data requirements for microbial risk assessment of major animal production types in Europe
URL: http://www.medvetnet.org/pdf/Reports/Report_06-002.pdf
Format: HTML PDF
This report provides an overview of the major food production types in Europe for which pre-harvest risk assessment have been, or are needed to be, made. A single model pathway has been described for broiler production, table-egg production, turkey production, ducks and geese production, pig production, dairy cattle production, beef cattle production, sheep production, and fish production. In addition to the selected model pathway, this report also provides Data Requirements and Conclusions and Recommendations for each production line.
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Source: MED-VET-NET

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20060228Feb 28, 2006
6837 United Kingdom Food Standards Agency Dioxins and Dioxin-like PCBs in Farmed and Wild Fish and Shellfish
URL: http://www.food.gov.uk/science/surveillance/fsisbranch2006/fsis0306
Format: HTML PDF
Report of analysis levels of dioxins and PCBs present in 47 species of wild fish and shellfish in the UK.
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Source: United Kingdom Food Standards Agency

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20060217Feb 17, 2006
464 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS)/Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Mercury Levels in Commercial Fish and Shellfish
URL: http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/Product-SpecificInformation/Seafood/FoodbornePathogensContaminants/Methylmercury/ucm115644.htm
Format: HTML
Tables providing data on mercury concentrations in a variety of fish and shellfish.
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Source: Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration

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20060100Jan 2006
6686 Food Standards Australia New Zealand Report on a Survey of Chemical Residues in Domestic and Imported Aquacultured Fish
URL: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/_srcfiles/Chemical%20Residues%20in%20Fish%20Survey.pdf
Format: PDF
Report of a survey of domestic and imported finfish in Australia for levels of nitrofurans, chloramphenicol, sulphonamides, tetracyclines, malachite green, penicillins, macrolides, trimethoprim, quinolones, and PCBs. Includes as attachments "National Residue Survey Report on Wildcaught fish and Aquaculture," "An Assessment of the Public Health Risk Associated with Low Residues of Malachite Green chloride and Leucomalachite green in Aquacultured Fish," and others.
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Source: Food Standards Australia New Zealand

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20051100Nov 2005
4173 Office of Plant and Dairy Foods, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Exploratory Data on Furan in Food
URL: http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodSafety/FoodContaminantsAdulteration/ChemicalContaminants/Furan/ucm078439.htm
Format: HTML
Exploratory data from FDA's survey of furan levels in food samples. Product categories sampled include baby foods, infant formulas, coffee, mixtures, fish, canned fruit, fruit juices, and vegetables, bread, meats, nuts and nut butters, and more.
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Source: Office of Plant and Dairy Foods, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration

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20050615Jun 15, 2005
4050 Data Gaps Working Group, Risk Assessment Consortium (RAC) Data Gaps for Selected Microbial Risk Assessments
URL: http://foodrisk.org/IRAC/workgroups/data_gaps/
Format: HTML PDF MS Word
This document contains lists of data gaps identified in published microbial risk assessments by the US Food & Drug Administration, US Department of Agriculture's Food Safety & Inspection Service, and the World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Each data gap is identified by exposure assessment category, the type of information needed, and a brief explanation of the specific data gap. For discussion of needs and gaps in microbial risk assessment as a whole, see Fazil, Aamir, et al. 2005. Microbial risk assessment as a foundation for informed decision-making: a needs, gaps and opportunities assessment (NGOA) for microbial risk assessment in food and water. Available here.
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Source: FoodRisk.org

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20041202Dec 2, 2004
6221 Abou-Zeid, K.A. Modeling the Antimicrobial Effect of Lactate on the Growth and Survival of Listeria monocytogenes on Ready-to-Eat Seafood
URL: http://jifsan.umd.edu/docs/rps_2004/Modeling_the_Antimicrobial_Effect_of_Lactate.pdf
Format: PDF
Presentation given at the Research Presentation Symposium held November 18, 2004 on a study on the effects of Purasal P Opti.Form 4 on Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat smoked fish and on modeling the growth and survival of L. monocytogenes.
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Source: Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition

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20041118Nov 18, 2004
4886 National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Example Exposure Scenarios
URL: http://cfpub2.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=85843
Format: HTML PDF
This document presents exposure scenarios for different exposure pathways and demonstrates the application of data from the Exposure Factors Handbook in estimating exposures. For each scenario, an exposure algorithm, exposure factor inputs, calculations, and exposure characterization and uncertainties are presented. Ingestion pathways described include contaminated homegrown vegetables, homegrown tomatoes, beef, dairy products, drinking water, fish, and breastmilk.
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Source: National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, Environmental Protection Agency

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20040400Apr 2004
4135 Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants (36th : 2004 : Rotterdam, The Netherlands), Codex Alimentarius Commission Report of the 36th Session of the Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants
URL: ftp://ftp.fao.org/codex/alinorm04/al04_12e.pdf
Format: PDF
The report includes the Committee's decisions and draft documents on topics related to risk analysis, exposure assessment of contaminants and toxins, risk management of aflatoxin in peanuts and tree nuts, of lead in foods, of inorganic tin in canned foods, maximum levels of cadmium in certain grains and vegetables and of deoxynivalenol, levels for radionuclides in foods, standards for food additives, contaminants, and toxins, active chlorine, mycotoxins, and more.
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Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

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20040400Apr 2004
4817 Food Standards Australia New Zealand Survey of Listeria monocytogenes in Cooked Prawns
URL: http://www.foodstandards.gov.au/_srcfiles/Survey%20of%20Listeria%20monocytogenes%20in%20Cooked%20Prawns%20final.pdf
Format: PDF
Report of a survey of L. monocytogenes frequency and levels in retail cooked prawns in Australia. Appendices include "Survey Questionnaire," "Methods of Analysis," and "Microbiological Terms".
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Source: Food Standards Australia New Zealand

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20040100Jan 2004
4801 Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition/Committee on Toxicity Advice on Fish Consumption: Benefits & Risks
URL: http://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/fishreport2004full.pdf
Format: PDF
Report that weighs nutritional benefits against toxicological risks of fish, especially oily fish, consumption and develops dietary advice regarding fish consumption. Includes discussion of fish consumption in the UK, LC PUFA, fish consumption and cardiovascular disease, dioxins and PCBs, mercury, arsenic, lead, cadmium, and more. Annexes include "Fish consumption in the UK," "DHA requirements in pregnancy and lactation," "Updated COT statement on a survey of mercury in fish and shellfish," "COT statement on brominated flame retardants in fish from the Skerne Tees rivers system," and "COT statement on the tolerable daily intake for dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls".
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Source: United Kingdom Food Standards Agency

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200400002004
5449 International Programme on Chemical Safety Coal Tar Creosote
URL: http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/CICAD62.pdf
Format: PDF
Concise International Chemical Assessment Document (CICAD) on coal tar creosote. Includes discussion of hazard identification, hazard characterization, and exposure considerations.
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Source: International Programme on Chemical Safety

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200400002004
5224 Huss, H.H.; Ababouch, L.; Gram, L. Assessment and Management of Seafood Safety and Quality
URL: http://www.fao.org/documents/show_cdr.asp?url_file=/DOCREP/006/Y4743E/Y4743E00.HTM
Format: HTML PDF
Report on risk assessment and management issues associated with seafood. Includes discussion of world seafood production and consumption, food safety systems, hazard identification and characterization, and risk management strategies such as HACCP, FSOs, microbiological criteria, traceability, and more. Appendices include "Assessment of Food Safety Programmes," "Hazard Analysis Worksheet," "HACCP Plan Form," and "Generic HACCP Plan for the Production and Processing of Oysters".
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Source: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

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200300002003
5028 Fein, S.; Levy, A.; Lando, A. Food Safety Survey: Summary of Major Trends in Food Handling Practices and Consumption of Potentially Risky Foods
URL: http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/~dms/fssurvey.html
Format: HTML
Discussion of results from the Food Safety Survey from 1988, 1993, 1998, and 2001 regarding trends related to cross contamination and consumption of potentially risky foods (including raw clams, oysters, fish, and eggs, steak tartar, and pink hamburger).
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Source: Consumer Studies Branch, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration

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20020827Aug 27, 2002
3535 Science Applications International Corporation Estimated Per Capita Fish Consumption in the United States
URL: http://www.epa.gov/waterscience/fish/consumption_report.pdf
Format: PDF
Report on per capita estimates of daily average fish consumption as calculated based on the 1994-1996 and 1998 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII). Estimates are also provided for the population subsets children 14 years old and younger, women of childbearing age, and low-income persons. Consumption estimates are broken down for prepared and uncooked fish, finfish and shellfish, and by habitat. Appendices include "Freshwater/Estuarine Ratios for Unknown Fish Components and Habitat Assignments by Food Code," "Statistical Methods," and "Data Conventions".
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Source: Office of Science and Technology, Office of Water, Environmental Protection Agency

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20020800Aug 2002
2717 Fisheries Department, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2002
URL: http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/y7300e/y7300e00.htm
Format: HTML PDF
Document on the world fisheries and aquaculture industry. Part 1, "World review of fisheries and aquaculture," includes discussion of fisheries production, utilization, and trade. Part 2, "Selected Issues Facing Fishers and Aquaculture," includes discussion of antibiotic residues in aquaculture products, among other topics. Part 3, "Highlights of Special FAO Studies," includes discussion of the role of public sector policies in Chinese aquaculture development, among other topics. Part 4, "Outlook," discusses long-term projections of fish production and consumption and the prospects for employment related to fisheries and aquaculture. Part 5, "Fisheries Activities of Country Groupings," provides information on various regions of the world.
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Source: Corporate Document Repository, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

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200200002002
1598 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)/World Health Organization (WHO) Hazard Identification, Exposure Assessment, and Hazard Characterization of Campylobacter spp. in Broiler Chickens and Vibrio spp. in Seafood - Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation
URL: http://www.who.int/foodsafety/publications/micro/july2001/en/
Format: PDF
Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation on Risk Assessment of Microbiological Hazards in Foods held in Geneva, Switzerland, on July 23-27, 2001. It presents hazard identification, hazard characterization, and exposure assessment considerations for the risk assessment of Campylobacter spp. in broilers and Vibrio spp. in seafood, including a dose-response curve for Vibrio.
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Source: Food Safety Department, World Health Organization

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20010910Sep 10, 2001
1460 Altekruse, S.F.; Yang, S.; Timbo, B.B.; Angulo, F.J. A Multi-State Survey of Consumer Food-Handling and Food-Consumption Practices
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(98)00099-3
Format: HTML PDF
Report of a survey of consumer food-handling and food-consumption practices. The survey examined washing hands and cutting boards after contact with raw meat or chicken and consumption of pink hamburgers, undercooked eggs, raw oysters, and raw milk. Full text is available with a subscription.
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Source: American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol. 16, Issue 3, Apr. 1999, p. 216-221/ScienceDirect

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19990400Apr 1999
1718 Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN), Food and Drug Administration (FDA)/Anderson, D.W.; Lindrooth, R.C.; Murray, B.C.; Teague, J.L./Center for Economics Research, Research Triangle Institute (RTI) Cost of Restrictions on Gulf Oyster Harvesting for Control of Vibrio vulnificus-Caused Disease
URL: http://foodrisk.org/exclusives/Vibrio_Report.pdf
Format: PDF
Report of a study conducted by the Research Triangle Institute (RTI) for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on the costs of various control plans for Vibrio vulnificus in Gulf of Mexico oysters. It includes an estimate of the compliance costs of the Interstate Shellfish Sanitation Conference (ISSC) interim control plan for Vibrio vulnificus in oysters. Data is provided in tables and charts on oyster harvests, oysters bound for raw consumption, number of harvesters, processing plants, and shippers, baseline prices, and more.
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Source: FoodRisk.org

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19961000Oct 1996
5110 Fish Monitoring Program, State Veterinarian, Division of Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Conservation, State of Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation Fish Monitoring Program
URL: http://www.state.ak.us/dec/eh/vet/fish.htm
Format: HTML
Program that monitors Alaskan fish (salmon, halibut, pacific cod, sablefish, black rockfish, sheefish, lingcod, and pollock) for heavy metals, dioxins, furans, pesticides, PCBs, inorganic arsenic, and chromium VI. The website includes access to their data on contaminant levels in fish.
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Source: Fish Monitoring Program, State Veterinarian, Division of Environmental Health, Department of Environmental Conservation, State of Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation

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5405 Food Safety Unit, Public Health Group, Rural and Regional Health and Aged Care Services Division, Department of Human Services, Victorian State Government Histamines in Fish
URL: http://www.health.vic.gov.au/foodsafety/research/toxins.htm
Format: HTML PDF
This page links to reports on levels of histamine and other biogenic amines in fish and shellfish products.
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Source: Food Safety Unit, Public Health Group, Rural and Regional Health and Aged Care Services Division, Department of Human Services, Victorian State Government

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